<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medparasitology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская паразитология и паразитарные болезни</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0025-8326</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2713-1777</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Научно-образовательный паразитологический центр им. П.Г. Сергиева</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33092/0025-8326mp2023.3.9-16</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">ETXYFU</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medparasitology-101</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>К пониманию таксономической структуры комплекса Paragonimus westermani  с описанием эпидемиологии, клиники и лечения парагонимоза на юге Дальнего Востока России</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>To understanding taxonomic structure of the Paragonimus westermani  species complex with a description of the epidemiology, clinic and treatment of paragonimiasis in the South of the Russian Far East</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воронова</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Voronova</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>г. Владивосток</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladivostok</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вайнутис</surname><given-names>К. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vainutis</surname><given-names>K. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>г. Владивосток</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladivostok</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попов</surname><given-names>А. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Popov</surname><given-names>A. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>г. Владивосток</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladivostok</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Тихоокеанский филиал федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения “Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт рыбного хозяйства и океанографии”</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pacific branch of the Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and oceanography”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Тихоокеанский филиал федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения “Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт рыбного хозяйства и океанографии”; Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Дальневосточный государственный технический рыбохозяйственный университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pacific branch of the Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and oceanography”; The Far Eastern State Technical Fisheries University (FESTFU)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Тихоокеанский государственный медицинский университет Минздрава России; Дальневосточный федеральный университет; Дальневосточный филиал Государственного научно-исследовательского испытательного института военной медицины МО РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pacific State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia; Far Eastern Federal University; Far Eastern Branch of the State Research and Testing Institute of Military Medicine of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>9</fpage><lpage>16</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Научно-образовательный паразитологический центр им. П.Г. Сергиева, 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Научно-образовательный паразитологический центр им. П.Г. Сергиева</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Научно-образовательный паразитологический центр им. П.Г. Сергиева</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.medparasitology.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.medparasitology.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.medparasitology.com/jour/article/view/101">https://www.medparasitology.com/jour/article/view/101</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье поднимается вопрос о таксономическом статусе представителей видового комплекса Paragonimus westermani с акцентом на лёгочных сосальщиках с Дальнего Востока России, где парагонимоз является эндемичным заболеванием. Была реконструирована филогения с использованием апостериорных методов калибровки времени дивергенции на основе конкатенированных нуклеотидных последовательностей спейсера ITS2 и гена 28S рРНК доступных в базе данных GenBank. Показано, что членами комплекса «westermani» являются генетически разные черви, в общем характеризующиеся взрывной экспансией в миоцен-плиоценовые эпохи, что совпадает со временем расцвета крупных представителей семейства кошачьих, вероятно, способствовавших распространению парагонимозной инфекции по континентальной Азии. Получены данные, свидетельствующие в пользу того, что подвидовой статус червей, вызывающих парагонимоз на юге Дальнего Востока России и северном Китае, может быть поднят до видового P. ichunensis, а парагонимусов из Южной Кореи стоит считать вариететом P. ichunensis. Восстановлено видовое название для червей из Японии – P. pulmonalis. К истинным P. westermani мы предлагаем отнести более древних индийских червей с метацеркариями 1-го типа. Черви из Индии с метацеркариями 2-го типа оставлены в систематике парагонимид как Paragonimus sp. Ввиду обнаружения новых случаев парагонимоза на юге Дальнего Востока России в статье охарактеризована эпидемиология заболевания и описан клинический случай лечения ларвального парагонимоза человека.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The manuscript raises question of the taxonomic status of representatives of the Paragonimus westermani species complex with an emphasis on lung flukes from the Russian Far East, where paragonimiasis is an endemic disease. The phylogeny was reconstructed using a divergence time calibration methods based on ITS2 and the 28S rRNA gene concatenated nucleotide sequences available in the GenBank database. It was shown that members of the “westermani” species complex are genetically distinct worms, characterized by explosive expansion during Miocene-Pliocene epochs, coinciding with the evolving of big cats, which probably contributed to the spread of paragonimiasis infection throughout continental Asia. Obtained data indicate that the subspecies status of worms that cause paragonimiasis in the south of the Russian Far East and northern China can be raised to the species P. ichunensis, and paragonimids from South Korea should be considered as a variety of P. ichunensis. The species name P. pulmonalis was reinstated for worms from Japan. We propose to consider older Indian worms with type 1 metacercariae as true P. westermani. Worms from India with type 2 metacercariae were left in the paragonimid systematics as Paragonimus sp. In view of the detection of new cases of paragonimiasis in the South of the Russian Far East, we characterized the epidemiology of the disease and described a clinical case of human larval paragonimiasis.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Paragonimus ichunensis</kwd><kwd>филогения</kwd><kwd>парагонимоз</kwd><kwd>патогенез</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Paragonimus ichunensis</kwd><kwd>phylogeny</kwd><kwd>paragonimiasis</kwd><kwd>pathogenesis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yoshidaa A., Doanh P.N., Maruyama H. Paragonimus and paragonimiasis in Asia: An update // Acta Tropica. 2019;199:105074. DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2019.105074.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yoshidaa A., Doanh P.N., Maruyama H. Paragonimus and paragonimiasis in Asia: An update // Acta Tropica. 2019;199:105074. DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2019.105074.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Doanh P.N., Dung D.T., Thi D., Thach C., Horii Y., Shinohara A., Nawa Y. Human paragonimiasis in Viet Nam: Epidemiological survey and identification of the responsible species by DNA sequencing of eggs in patients' sputum // Parasitol Int. 2011;60:534-537. DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2011.09.001.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Doanh P.N., Dung D.T., Thi D., Thach C., Horii Y., Shinohara A., Nawa Y. Human paragonimiasis in Viet Nam: Epidemiological survey and identification of the responsible species by DNA sequencing of eggs in patients' sputum // Parasitol Int. 2011;60:534-537. DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2011.09.001.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Xu H.Z., Tang L.F., Zheng X.P., Chen Z.M. Paragonimiasis in Chinese Children: 58 Cases Analysis // Iran J Pediatr. 2012;22:505-511.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Xu H.Z., Tang L.F., Zheng X.P., Chen Z.M. Paragonimiasis in Chinese Children: 58 Cases Analysis // Iran J Pediatr. 2012;22:505-511.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Blair D., Agatsuma T., Watanobe T., Okamoto M., Ito A. Geographical genetic structure within the human lung fluke Paragonimus westermani, detected from DNA sequences // Parasitology. 1997;15:411-417. DOI: 10.1017/s0031182097001534.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Blair D., Agatsuma T., Watanobe T., Okamoto M., Ito A. Geographical genetic structure within the human lung fluke Paragonimus westermani, detected from DNA sequences // Parasitology. 1997;15:411-417. DOI: 10.1017/s0031182097001534.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Blair D. Genomes of Paragonimus westermani and related species: current state of knowledge // Int J Parasitol. 2000;30:421-426. DOI: 10.1016/s0020-7519(99)00187-3.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Blair D. Genomes of Paragonimus westermani and related species: current state of knowledge // Int J Parasitol. 2000;30:421-426. DOI: 10.1016/s0020-7519(99)00187-3.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Iwagami M., Ho L.Y., Su K., Lai P.F., Fukushima M., Nakano M., Blair D., Kawashima K., Agatsuma T. Molecular phylogeographic studies on Paragonimus westermani in Asia // J Helminthol. 2000;74:315-322. DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x00000469.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Iwagami M., Ho L.Y., Su K., Lai P.F., Fukushima M., Nakano M., Blair D., Kawashima K., Agatsuma T. Molecular phylogeographic studies on Paragonimus westermani in Asia // J Helminthol. 2000;74:315-322. DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x00000469.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Iwagami M., Rajapakse R.P.V.J., Paranagama W., Okada T., Kano S., Agatsuma T. Ancient divergence of Paragonimus westermani in Sri Lanka // Parasitol Res. 2008;102:845-852. DOI: 10.1007/s00436–007–0820–4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Iwagami M., Rajapakse R.P.V.J., Paranagama W., Okada T., Kano S., Agatsuma T. Ancient divergence of Paragonimus westermani in Sri Lanka // Parasitol Res. 2008;102:845-852. DOI: 10.1007/s00436–007–0820–4.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Binchai S., Rangsiruji A., Ketudat P., Morishima Y., Sugiyama H. Molecular systematics of a new form of Paragonimus westermani discovered in Thailand // Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 2007;38.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Binchai S., Rangsiruji A., Ketudat P., Morishima Y., Sugiyama H. Molecular systematics of a new form of Paragonimus westermani discovered in Thailand // Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 2007;38.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sugiyama H., Morishima Y., Binchai S., Rangsiruji A., Ketudat P. New form of Paragonimus westermani discovered in Thailand: morphological characteristics and host susceptibility // Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 2007;38.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sugiyama H., Morishima Y., Binchai S., Rangsiruji A., Ketudat P. New form of Paragonimus westermani discovered in Thailand: morphological characteristics and host susceptibility // Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 2007;38.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tandon V., Prasad P.K., Chatterjee A., Bhutia P.T. Surface fine topography and PCR-based determination of metacercaria of Paragonimus sp. from edible crabs in Arunachal Pradesh. Northeast India // Parasitol Res. 2007;102:21-28. DOI: 10.1007/s00436–007–0715–4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tandon V., Prasad P.K., Chatterjee A., Bhutia P.T. Surface fine topography and PCR-based determination of metacercaria of Paragonimus sp. from edible crabs in Arunachal Pradesh. Northeast India // Parasitol Res. 2007;102:21-28. DOI: 10.1007/s00436–007–0715–4.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Devi K.R., Narain K., Mahanta J., Nirmolia T., Blair D., Sidhartha P.S., Agatsuma T. Presence of three distinct genotypes within the Paragonimus westermani complex in northeastern India // Parasitology. 2013;140:76-86. DOI: 10.1017/S0031182012001229.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Devi K.R., Narain K., Mahanta J., Nirmolia T., Blair D., Sidhartha P.S., Agatsuma T. Presence of three distinct genotypes within the Paragonimus westermani complex in northeastern India // Parasitology. 2013;140:76-86. DOI: 10.1017/S0031182012001229.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chung H.L., Hsu С.Р., Kao Р.С. Preliminary studies on paragonimiasis in Ichun, Hokiang and Mutankiang areas of Heilungkiang province with observations on a new subspecies of Paragonimus westermani - Paragonimus westermani ichunensis // Chinese Medical Journal. 1978;5:349-367.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chung H.L., Hsu С.Р., Kao Р.С. Preliminary studies on paragonimiasis in Ichun, Hokiang and Mutankiang areas of Heilungkiang province with observations on a new subspecies of Paragonimus westermani - Paragonimus westermani ichunensis // Chinese Medical Journal. 1978;5:349-367.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shimazu T., Oshima T. Morphology and Development of a lung fluke of the Genus Paragonimus, Trematoda: Paragonimidae from Primor’e USSR in snails Semisulcospira libertine in the Laboratory // Journal of Nagano Prefectural College. 1983;38:7-15. DOI: http://id.nii.ac.jp/1118/00000744/.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shimazu T., Oshima T. Morphology and Development of a lung fluke of the Genus Paragonimus, Trematoda: Paragonimidae from Primor’e USSR in snails Semisulcospira libertine in the Laboratory // Journal of Nagano Prefectural College. 1983;38:7-15. DOI: http://id.nii.ac.jp/1118/00000744/.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Беспрозванных В.В. Биология Paragonimus westermani ichunensis в условиях Приморского края. Экспериментальные исследования // Медицинская паразитология и паразитарные болезни. 1994;4:28-32.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bezprozvannykh V.V. The biology of Paragonimus westermani ichunensis in the Maritime Territory. Experimental research // Med Parazitol (Mosk). 1994;4:28-31. (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kumar S., Stecher G., Li M., Knyaz C., Tamura K. MEGA X: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis across computing platforms // Mol Biol Evol. 2018;35:1547-1549. DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msy096.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kumar S., Stecher G., Li M., Knyaz C., Tamura K. MEGA X: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis across computing platforms // Mol Biol Evol. 2018;35:1547-1549. DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msy096.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vaidya G., Lohman D.J., Meier R. SequenceMatrix: Concatenation Software for the Fast Assembly of Multi-Gene Datasets with Character Set and Codon Information // Cladistics. 2011;27:171-180. DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-0031.2010.00329.x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vaidya G., Lohman D.J., Meier R. SequenceMatrix: Concatenation Software for the Fast Assembly of Multi-Gene Datasets with Character Set and Codon Information // Cladistics. 2011;27:171-180. DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-0031.2010.00329.x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Drummond A.J., Suchard M.A., Dong X., Rambaut A. Bayesian phylogenetics with BEAUti and the BEAST 1.7. // Mol Biol Evol. 2012;29:1969-1973. DOI: 10.1093/molbev/mss075.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Drummond A.J., Suchard M.A., Dong X., Rambaut A. Bayesian phylogenetics with BEAUti and the BEAST 1.7. // Mol Biol Evol. 2012;29:1969-1973. DOI: 10.1093/molbev/mss075.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Poinar G.O., Boucot A.J. Evidence of intestinal parasites of dinosaurs // Parasitology. 2006;133:245-249. DOI: 10.1017/S0031182006000138.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Poinar G.O., Boucot A.J. Evidence of intestinal parasites of dinosaurs // Parasitology. 2006;133:245-249. DOI: 10.1017/S0031182006000138.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Attwood S.W., Fatih F.A., Upatham E.S. DNA-Sequence Variation Among Schistosoma mekongi Populations and Related Taxa; Phylogeography and the Current Distribution of Asian Schistosomiasis // PLOS Negl Trop Dis. 2008;2(3):e200. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0000200.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Attwood S.W., Fatih F.A., Upatham E.S. DNA-Sequence Variation Among Schistosoma mekongi Populations and Related Taxa; Phylogeography and the Current Distribution of Asian Schistosomiasis // PLOS Negl Trop Dis. 2008;2(3):e200. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0000200.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Blair D., Xu Z.B., Agatsuma T. Paragonimiasis and the genus Paragonimus // Adv Parasitol. 1999;42:113-222. DOI: 10.1016/s0065-308x(08)60149-9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Blair D., Xu Z.B., Agatsuma T. Paragonimiasis and the genus Paragonimus // Adv Parasitol. 1999;42:113-222. DOI: 10.1016/s0065-308x(08)60149-9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Blair D., Davis G.M., Wu B. Evolutionary relationships between trematodes and snails emphasizing schistosomes and paragonimids // Parasitology. 2001;123:229-243. DOI: 10.1017/s003118200100837x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Blair D., Davis G.M., Wu B. Evolutionary relationships between trematodes and snails emphasizing schistosomes and paragonimids // Parasitology. 2001;123:229-243. DOI: 10.1017/s003118200100837x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Blair D. Paragonimiasis. In: Digenetic Trematodes. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology (Eds. R. Toledo, B. Fried) Vol. 1154. Springer, 2019. P. 105-138. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-18616-6_5.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Blair D. Paragonimiasis. In: Digenetic Trematodes. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology (Eds. R. Toledo, B. Fried) Vol. 1154. Springer, 2019. P. 105-138. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-18616-6_5.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Blair D. Lung flukes of the genus Paragonimus: ancient and reemerging pathogens // Parasitology. 2022;149:1286-1295. DOI: 10.1017/S0031182022000300.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Blair D. Lung flukes of the genus Paragonimus: ancient and reemerging pathogens // Parasitology. 2022;149:1286-1295. DOI: 10.1017/S0031182022000300.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Voronova A.N., Besprozvannykh V.V., Ngo H.D., Plekhova N.G., Hung N.M., Tatonova Y.V. Paragonimus heterotremus Chen et Hsia, 1964 (Digenea: Paragonimidae): species identification based on the biological and genetic criteria, and pathology of infection // Parasitol Res. 2020;119:4073-4088. DOI: 10.1007/s00436–020–06929–4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Voronova A.N., Besprozvannykh V.V., Ngo H.D., Plekhova N.G., Hung N.M., Tatonova Y.V. Paragonimus heterotremus Chen et Hsia, 1964 (Digenea: Paragonimidae): species identification based on the biological and genetic criteria, and pathology of infection // Parasitol Res. 2020;119:4073-4088. DOI: 10.1007/s00436–020–06929–4.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vainutis K.S., Voronova A.N., Urabe M. Systematics of Crepidostomum species from the Russian Far East and northern Japan, with description of a new species and validation of the genus Stephanophiala // Parasitol Int. 2021;84:102412. DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2021.102412.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vainutis K.S., Voronova A.N., Urabe M. Systematics of Crepidostomum species from the Russian Far East and northern Japan, with description of a new species and validation of the genus Stephanophiala // Parasitol Int. 2021;84:102412. DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2021.102412.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Международный Кодекс зоологической номенклатуры. 4-е изд. СПб: изд-во ЗИН РАН, 1999. 221 с. .</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. 4th ed. St. Petersburg: Publishing house of ZIN RAS, 1999. 221 p. (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Miyazaki I. An Illustrated Book of Helminthic Zoonoses. International Medical Foundation of Japan, Tokyo. 1991.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Miyazaki I. An Illustrated Book of Helminthic Zoonoses. International Medical Foundation of Japan, Tokyo. 1991.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sato Y., Iwagami M., Iwashita J., Abe T., Yukawa M., Blas B.L., Kawashima K. Phylogenetic status of a lung fluke in the Philippines based on mitochondrial genome // Japanese Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 2003;31:1-3. DOI: 10.2149/tmh1973.31.1.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sato Y., Iwagami M., Iwashita J., Abe T., Yukawa M., Blas B.L., Kawashima K. Phylogenetic status of a lung fluke in the Philippines based on mitochondrial genome // Japanese Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 2003;31:1-3. DOI: 10.2149/tmh1973.31.1.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Figueiro H.V., Li G., Trindade F.J., Assis J., Pais F., Fernandes G., Santos S.H.D., Hughes G.M., Komissarov A., Antunes A., Trinca C.S., Rodrigues M.R., Linderoth T., Bi K., Silveira L., Azevedo F.C.C., Kantek D., Ramalho E., Brassaloti R.A., Villela P.M.S., Nunes A.L.V., Teixeira R.H.F., Morato R.G., Loska D., Saragueta P., Gabaldon T., Teeling E.C., O’Brien S.J., Nielsen R., Coutinho L.L., Oliveira G., Murphy W.J., Eizirik E. Genome-wide signatures of complex introgression and adaptive evolution in the big cats // Sci Adv. 2017;3:e1700299. DOI:10.1126/sciadv.1700299.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Figueiro H.V., Li G., Trindade F.J., Assis J., Pais F., Fernandes G., Santos S.H.D., Hughes G.M., Komissarov A., Antunes A., Trinca C.S., Rodrigues M.R., Linderoth T., Bi K., Silveira L., Azevedo F.C.C., Kantek D., Ramalho E., Brassaloti R.A., Villela P.M.S., Nunes A.L.V., Teixeira R.H.F., Morato R.G., Loska D., Saragueta P., Gabaldon T., Teeling E.C., O’Brien S.J., Nielsen R., Coutinho L.L., Oliveira G., Murphy W.J., Eizirik E. Genome-wide signatures of complex introgression and adaptive evolution in the big cats // Sci Adv. 2017;3:e1700299. DOI:10.1126/sciadv.1700299.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Курочкин Ю.В., Суханова Г.И. Новое в проблеме парагонимоза животных и человека // Паразитология. 1980;13(4):295-298.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kurochkin Yu.V., Sukhanova G.I. New in the problem of paragonimiasis of animals and human // Parasitology. 1980;13(4):295-298. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Попов А.Ф., Суханова Г.И., Невзорова В.А. Паразитарные заболевания легких. Респираторная медицина: рук-во в 3-х тт. Под ред. Чучалина А.Г., Т. 2. М.:ГЭОТАР, 2017:157-172.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Popov A.F., Sukhanova G.I., Nevzorova V.A. Parasitic diseases of the lungs. Respiratory medicine: manual in 3 vols. By Ed. A.G. Chuchalin, Vol. 2. M.: GEOTAR, 2017: 157-172.(In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Суханова Г.И. Ларвальный парагонимоз человека в Приморском крае // Медицинская паразитология и паразитарные болезни. 1984;53(5):20-23.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sukhanova G.I. The biology of Paragonimus westermani ichunensis in the Maritime Territory. Experimental research // Med Parazitol (Mosk). 1984;53(5):28-31. (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Попов А.Ф., Суханова Г.И. , Беспрозванных В.В., Иванис В.А., Деделькина К.С., Довгалев А.С. Парагонимоз в Приморском крае. Медицинская паразитология и паразитарные болезни. 2020;4:17-23. DOI:10.33092/0025-8326mp2020.4.17-23.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Popov A.F., Sukhanova G.I., Bezprozvannykh V.V., Ivanis V.A., Dedelkina K.S., Dovgalev A.S. Paragonimiasis in Primorsky Krai. Med Parazitol (Mosk). 2020; 4:17-23. (in Russian) DOI:10.33092/0025-8326mp2020.4.17-23.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Белов Ю.А., Воронова А.Н., Любченко Е.Н., Табакаева Т.В., Короткова И.П., Беспрозванных В.В., Щелканов М.Ю. Paragonimus westermani ichunensis и парагонимоз на юге Дальнего Востока России: вчера, сегодня и завтра // Российский паразитологический журнал. 2021;15(1):42-49. DOI: 10.31016/1998-8435-2021-15-1-42-49.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Belov Y.A., Voronova A.N., Lyubchenko E.N., Tabakaeva T.V., Korotkova I.P., Besprozvannykh V.V., Shchelkanov M.Yu. Paragonimus westermani ichunensis and paragonimiasis in the South of the Russian Far East: yesterday, today and tomorrow // Russian J of Parasitol. 2021;15(1):42-49. (in Russian). DOI: 10.31016/1998-8435-2021-15-1-42-49.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
