Epidemiological and entomological supervision of malaria, its generators and carriers on the territory of the Karachay-Cherkess republic in the period from 1922 to the present (100 years)

We have studied the patterns of the malaria epidemic process in the Karachay-Cherkess Republic (KCR), analyzed the species composition and number of carriers in the period from 1922 to the present (100 years). According to the data of the State Archives, relating to 1922, up to several thousand cases of the disease were registered in the republic per year. Local foci of three-day malaria - the causative agent is Plasmodium vivax - and tropical malaria - the causative agent is Plasmodium falciparum were recorded. Malaria carriers in the republic are two species of mosquitoes - An. maculipennis and An. atroparvus.

We have established the unevenness of the malaria epidemiological process in the territory of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic (100 years): three periods including malaria registration (the period with high incidence from 1922 to 1959 - the period duration is 37 years; the period of imported malaria with the absence of local transmission - from 1960 to 1987 (27 years) and the period from 1997 to 2005 - is characterized by the registration of imported malaria and the occurrence of 12 local cases of the disease from imported sources in the city of Cherkessk). Two periods with the absence of malaria: the stage - 1988 to 1996, lasting 8 years and since 2006, the period continuing to the present time (16 years).

Since 2006, there has been no malaria in the republic. In the event of importation of the malaria pathogen, the most likely territory of potential risk of malaria occurrence in the Karachay-Cherkess Republic is the city of Cherkessk.

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